The need for spatial development in Indonesia is not only in the macro context, but also in the meso to micro context. The following is a spatial development policy framework based on the challenges and problems of urban growth and development in Indonesia.

1. Development of urban systems in the context of island countries. It is not only the issue of regional inequality and the distribution of growth centers but also urban development as a center for blue economic growth in the context of an island country. City systems policies that consider the alignment of vulnerable resources and must be protected.
2. Strengthening urban functions and hierarchy in the future. This strengthening is carried out based on:
   

   a. Geographical economic characteristics that consider economic growth and agricultural brands, development of economic corridors, and spatial integration;

   b. Linkages between urban areas (urban-urban linkage) and between urban and rural areas (urban-rural linkage) to create population and economic agglomeration so that alternative economic cluster development is possible. The connection between the core city and its parent city remains. Apart from mobility, there are also efforts to reduce traveling distances (decentralized planning)

3. Internal City. Integration of mobility systems with land use or space configuration as well as increased connectivity to shorten journeys, make travel more efficient, reduce energy consumption. Mobility restrictions are still relevant as well as developing development concepts on a micro scale. Integration of land use and transportation systems is an urgent agenda to reduce travel lengths, energy consumption and threats to vulnerable spaces that need to be protected as well as streamlining the provision of urban utilities. Efforts to develop transit-oriented areas require requirements for transit systems and areas around transit nodes, so they require adequate spatial tools to ensure these areas are compact, have social and economic diversity. The realization of the brown and green agenda is an important issue that must be addressed, as are efforts to protect spaces that are vulnerable to changes in land use.
4. Spatial Development Toolkit. However, the capabilities of spatial development tools have limits in the face of dynamics and uncertainty. Technical provisions, even though they are prepared with anticipatory considerations and the dynamics of what is happening and what will happen, there are still some things that are "unanswered" in responding to developments that are happening. The need for spatial development often cannot "wait" and there is also a need for support, especially for "small/marginal" groups. Conditions give rise to the need for a spatial development plan that is able to respond to increasing levels of uncertainty and strengthen institutions (institutional needs, level of authority, and procedures for making adjustments/justifications to existing regulations) in carrying out adjustments. Unforeseen future justification/justification, integration of substantive technical provisions and strengthening procedural steps, as well as the need to identify the level of uncertainty for each material as a basis for formulating technical provisions. Spatial development levels require tools that not only address externalities, free riders, impacts, conflict, injustice but also provide "communicative, dynamic and innovative space".
5. The need to manage urban areas as a unified system. Efforts to solve regional problems together as a unified regional system, across administrations and across levels of government. Not only limited to ensuring integration and coordination in urban areas but also developing financing innovations.
6. Collaboration in Realizing Spatial Development. The government/regional government, with all its limitations, requires collaborative efforts, where the role of stakeholders in spatial development is an important element. Stakeholders are individuals, groups and organizations, who have an interest or concern and influence in a given spatial development area system. The government/local government can encourage the use of collaborative planning which can help update and implement plans. Collaboration that prioritizes the role of stakeholders will be able to:

• Help implement spatial plans;
• Incorporate community enhancement features in each proposed program;
• Collaboration is not only for realizing plans, but must start from the planning process;
• Incorporate a collaborative planning process in the plan as an implementation component.
• Urban spatial development in Indonesia with the framework as mentioned above, is implemented with the following principles:
• Democratic. Not only top down but also button-up, listening to the community;
• Subsidiarity. Spatial development is carried out for local interests and also takes into account national interests;
• Participation. The community must be informed regarding aspects of spatial development including mitigation and adaptation in the context of disasters;
• Integration. Spatial development is carried out by considering and paying attention to ratios;
• Proportional. Investment flexibility/national interests must be balanced with environmental protection and local interests;
• Precautionary. Spatial development must take into account impacts, be risk-based;
• Allocation of competencies in the realization of spatial development which includes alignment of tasks and authority.